Based on the principle of development, the article reveals the essence, content and dynamics of the Battle for Moscow in 1941 between the Red Army and Nazi Germany. A detailed description of the features of the fighting of the soldiers of the Red Army during the period of defense and during successful offensive operations is given. At the same time, a detailed analysis is given of the courage, steadfastness and bravery of the Red Army soldiers at all stages of the strategic operation. The positions of the unity of the front and rear of the Soviet Union in the battle for the capital are characterized, the political, economic and spiritual components of the defeat of the Nazi troops near Moscow are substantiated, the political and military significance of the battle for the capital in the Great Patriotic War is revealed.

In the current situation, the role of trust as a factor of social stability is growing. People get ideas about what qualities a politician should have so that he can be trusted. In the same time, public opinion forms ratings of different politicians in terms of the degree of their trust in them. My article is devoted to the study of these aspects of trust in relation to current situation.
In recent years, the trust in politicians, parties, and public institutions is exposed to serious challenges. Not simple economic situation, the aggravation of international relations, including international conflicts and manifestations of nationalism, increase the risks of instability. On the one hand, this makes people look at the problem of trust in politicians in a new way.
They expect from them such qualities that help to manage the situation in important spheres of life, to resolve economic, political, social and other
important issues. On the other hand, these changes require the increased researches of sociologists not only on theoretical but also practical levels. The aim of this paper is to analyze changing people's views on the trust in current politicians in the context of current situation. This material continues the study on the interdependence of political trust and social stability. Methods used in the study covered secondary analysis of surveys data of some poll centers as Russian Public Opinion Research Center, etc. The results are based on the materials of the personal case study of this theme.

The article presents the results of an analysis of foreign sources devoted to the implementation of the concept of strategic communication developed by the US military structures, which is based on the principles and methods of information and psychological warfare. Among them, negative (destructive) propaganda stands out, one of the most effective tools of which is the falsification of history. The article describes the activities of specialized propaganda centers operating in the post-Soviet space, concentrating their efforts on creating a negative image of the joint historical past with Russia and forming a belief in the impossibility and inexpediency of positive relations with it in the future.

Political participation is a basic term for modern political science. Due to the relative heterogeneity of society: the existence of different opinions, varieties of evaluative benchmarks, concepts of morality and ethics, including political behavior, an unlimited number of forms of political participation can be used within one state, some of which risk going beyond legitimate
standards. . To understand the process of the origin of these forms and further work to prevent their spread, it becomes critically important to understand the political culture itself, the processes of its formation and types.

In the article based on the analyses of the works of leading Western scientists, classics of sociology, a description of the socio-historical path of the formation and development of the concept of cultural determinism is given/ Special attention is paid to the significance of substaining the active approach in culture formulated by modern Russian philosophers of culture in the late 70s of the last century. The authors, not without reason, believe that the active approach gave a natural impetus to the sociological study of cultural determinism. In this regard, the article presents the main directions
of possible specific sociological studies of cultural determination, it is emphasized that the conceptual scheme of such studies is associated with the
multifunctional content of culture, where the functions of culture determines the essence of the actors of cultural determinism. In this regard, the article
shows the possibility through cultural determinism to influence the strengthening of national culture, to promote the sovereignty of the Russian State.

The article raises the topic of the formation of the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War among the younger generation of Russians. The results of the author's empirical research undertaken in order to identify the attitude of school and college students to the events of the Great Patriotic War and events held to maintain collective memory are presented. The
analysis of the research results and their subsequent comparison with the results of VCIOM surveys allows us to conclude that the most common practices of maintaining historical memory are watching films about the war and visiting memorials and museums, which leave the student a passive role of listening and absorbing and there is a shortage of activities that
would involve the active inclusion of the subject in the analysis and development of events The Great Patriotic War. The authors propose measures aimed at improving the situation.

The article reveals the problems of transformation of democracy in modern societies, the role of modern Internet communications, information technology and social networks in changing the political attitudes of society. The article interprets sociological assessments of public opinion in the system of public administration and public policy. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that there are significant negative assessments of the existing public administration system, shortcomings in democratic governance processes, and a lack of legitimacy for political decisions of public authorities in modern states.

This article examines the topical issues of strategic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China in the field of information security. Based on the study of the normative legal documents of the information policy of both states, the author assesses the current state of relations between Russia and China in the sphere of ensuring sovereign cyberspace. At the same time, the author separately considered such a side of information security as cyberterrorism and cyberattacks. Methods and mechanisms aimed at preventing and minimizing the effect of cyber aggression are proposed. At the end of the article, the author compares the key elements of the information policy of both Russia and China and outlines the prospects for cooperation between these countries in the emerging new world order.

The article deals with the problem of media influence on public confidence in the use of artificial intelligence in the functioning of electronic services. This problem is based on a contradiction, when, on the one hand, some mass media popularize electronic services, thereby directing the population to the path of integration into the virtual environment, while some, on the contrary, promote the idea of distrust of these services, thereby warning people against integration into the environment in question.

The article is conditionally divided into several parts, which correspond to the positions from which the above-described problem is analyzed: 1. citizens' trust in the media; 2. citizens' trust in artificial intelligence, which is being introduced into an increasing number of electronic platforms. In conclusion, the article presents conclusions and recommendations based on the results of studying the influence of the media on the formation of public confidence in the use of artificial intelligence systems in the functioning of Internet platforms.

The article provides a detailed analysis of letters to Ded Moroz written by adults. Using the method of content analysis, the authors analyzed the motives that prompted them to turn to Ded Moroz, the characteristic of the meaningful content of social needs expressed in desires and requests is given.

The article considers the financial literacy of the population from the standpoint of financial knowledge, skills and abilities. It's shown that not only financial knowledge is relevant from the point of view of financial literacy, but also financial skills that can help to spend finances wisely, invest and save. A low level of financial literacy has negative consequences not only for the individual, but also for the state and society. It leads to the impoverishment of the population, the risks of credit indebtedness of individuals, an increase in financial fraud, and a decrease in demand for financial products. The author presents approaches to understanding financial literacy in economic, psychological and sociological aspects. Representatives of economic sciences note that financially literate individuals not only manage their budget, but are also knowledgeable about banking and insurance services, and manage their financial future. Representatives of psychological sciences associate financial literacy with security/insecurity. If individuals have developed financial self-awareness, there is a desire for control, then a sense of security is more common. With financial illiteracy, there is a sense of anxiety, negative assessments of what is happening, anxiety and dissatisfaction with life. From a sociological point of view, financial literacy is considered in the context of the theory of social behavior. The article presents the results of an empirical study of megalopolis residents regarding financial literacy. The skills of saving behavior, investment behavior and lending are considered. The conclusion is made about the need to increase the level of financial literacy.

The article presents the key approaches and points of view on the problems of reforming the regional space of the modern Russian state. The article also discusses the specific experience of the North-Western Federal District in the policy of optimizing its own spatial development. The author analyzes the application of political, economic, etc. technologies for reforming the territorial space of the Northwestern Federal District and a critical assessment of the current situation in this federal district is given and their own methods and options for improving manageability and reforming the administrative-territorial division at the regional and municipal levels are proposed.