The first international intergovernmental organizations (IMGOs) and their variety, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), as permanent associations, appeared at the end of the 19th century. The need for them arose for a number of general reasons. By that time, states were characterized by a high level of internationalization of the economy, science, and public life, and for effective international cooperation, it was necessary to create mechanisms that regulate the socio-economic consequences of the industrial revolution. MMPOs were formed first, and INGOs supplemented them by performing auxiliary functions. In this article, we present specific facts that served as the basis for the creation of international organizations of various types and contributed to the development of modern international relations. The author included in the list of such facts: the collapse of the colonies and the emergence of new contradictions in world relations, which manifested themselves as a confrontation between the “club” of the richest countries in the world and states on the periphery of the world economy; military-technical revolution; accelerated development of the integration of the socio-economic space of the countries of the world; "cold war" between the socialist camp and capitalism. It should be noted that initially MMPO, INGO were auxiliary instruments for regulating interstate issues. But gradually they took over most of the basic functions of human society and are now important elements of international cooperation. At this point in history, almost all states and thousands of civil-type organizations working in them are involved in the activities of MMPOs and INGOs. Therefore, there is no possibility of subordinating their activity to any one center of power. Thus, the development of international intergovernmental, international non-governmental organizations contributes to the creation of a multipolar world of international relations.

The current extremely contradictory position of Russia in the global political arena in the fluctuating conditions of instability of geo-economic processes has a tremendous impact on the formation of political self-identification of young people. The dependence of Russian society on negative external factors emanating from the Western coalition aimed at infringing on our interests, weakening the economy and falling patriotism has become a thing of the past, which allowed the country to strengthen internal resources and, moreover, claim the place of the center of power that the country was in Soviet times.

Thus, the relevance of studying the political identity of modern youth is due to a number of factors. First of all, youth as a socio-demographic group is considered an integral strategic force of the state, capable of independently establishing vectors of development of society in the near future, determining the international and national strategy of state policy. Accordingly, the success of the decisions taken for the benefit of Russian society will depend on the formed political identity.

And finally, the rapid processes of digitalization and the increasing role of social networks in young people contribute to the establishment of a large number of social contacts that offer to try on new social roles, through the exchange of a huge amount of information, young people become eyewitnesses of new socio-political processes. Thanks to the growth of information, values are being replaced, a new worldview is being created and new political attitudes are being formed.

В истории развития общества всегда существовал конфликт между взрослым и молодым поколением, основанный на различии ценностей. Сперва одни субъекты принадлежали к правящей элите общества, а другие – нет. Потом по мере развития общества более взрослые люди являлись опытными, обладали знаниями, которые им помогали в деятельности. Тогда как молодое поколение обладало здоровьем, было полно сил и энергии, а также хорошо адаптировалось. В то же время для благоприятного развития общества необходимы бесконфликтные взаимоотношения, формирующиеся между поколениями при достижении гармонии ценностей.

The article is devoted to the value orientations of young people within the framework of their professional activities, since it is young people who actively absorb values that give impetus to the development and transformation of the profession. The necessity of active interaction of higher educational institutions with schools on the one hand, and employers on the other, in order to form value-need orientations in relation to the transport industry and transport in general, is substantiated.

The article shows how the attitude towards small towns has changed from the point of view of management. A large-scale project to support small towns and historical settlements to create a comfortable urban environment is analyzed. Doubts have been expressed as to whether the name of the project corresponds to a real comprehensive improvement of the quality of the urban environment of small towns, which actually hides point changes in the landscape of small towns: repair of buildings of city train stations or landscaping of parks and embankments, etc. The problems of small towns that are being solved and remain open are being considered. The conclusion is made about positive changes in the understanding of the role of these cities and the attitude of the leadership towards them at the federal, regional and municipal levels. Today, a new idea is being formed based on the understanding that these types of cities were, are and remain the guardians of culture and traditional values and form the backbone of the country's geopolitics today.

This article is devoted to the analysis of theoretical approaches in futurology, postmodernism and poststructuralism, which representatives were engaged in the development of an objective concept that will be capable of describing the society that has entered a new era of its development under the influence of computer technology. The analysis shows the reasons why the various terms founded by scientists have not been able to enter the scientific circulation at the level of universal usage. It also analyses the origins of the term "digitalisation" and the reasons for its consolidation in science and law system. In the author's opinion, the most stable of the concepts discussed in this article, apart from the idea of digitalisation, is the concept of "hyperreality" founded by Jean Baudrillard. The problems of solidifying this concept include its difficult accessibility to understanding at the level of daily life, as well as the possible unpreparedness of society for such a total phase transition.

In the article, the authors, based on the analysis of the works of Russian scientists, attempt to describe the distinctive features of the Russian government from the point of view of a civilizational and cultural approach. Russian Russian cultural and historical code allows us to understand the model of Russian power, reflecting two trends in the formation of statehood autocratic and people's veche, democratic, which complemented each other and represented two legitimate projections, which indicates the absence of totalitarian roots in Russian culture. Given the aspiration of Russian culture towards the Absolute, the concept of "totalitarian" in relation to it should be understood as an integral one, and a person as a "collective entity", hence the formation of the ethics of service.

The article presents the results of the analysis of foreign sources characterizing the role, purpose, content, and features of the activities of Western analytical centers in the formation and promotion of the globalist strategy of the West in the context of the efforts of "thought factories" to ensure in the media and public consciousness the quantitative and qualitative superiority of ideological and political narratives of the United States and NATO countries in order to reformat undesirable regimes for the West, referred to as the "soft" reconstruction of the world according to given characteristics. The authors revealed the desire of "thought factories" not only to position themselves as generators of ideas, but also to influence public opinion, play a key role in the development and promotion of global, regional and national policies.

One of the tools that can stimulate an increase in the birth rate is information support of this topic in popular culture. The purpose of the study is to study the content of cinema as part of the information space that can have a beneficial effect on the reproductive attitudes of viewers. The study used content analysis of works of Russian cinema for 1991–2022. The results are as follows: many films correspond to the values of pronatalist politics; cinema conveys the decline in the importance of the reproductive function of the family; the number of works with a negative view of large families is increasing; over the past 15 years, almost 3 times more films and TV series about parenthood have been released; The share of films showing a negative image of motherhood is decreasing. Thus, it is important that cinematography conveys an image of the family that corresponds to the interests of the state.