POLITICS AND SOCIETY
The article discusses the main aspects of digital transformation, including the use of innovative technologies in the management of the national project “Safe and High-quality Roads”. The concept of “digital transformation”, the history of the term “digitalization”is considered. The main objectives of the national project since the beginning of implementation, the territorial scope of the project in dynamics are analyzed. The main results for 2020, including the costs of implementing the project at the federal and regional levels, are considered.The article also analyzes modern standards in the formation of public policy, cost administration, monitoring, planning and evaluation of the national project in the context of digital reform. The main “basic” and “breakthrough” technologies in the road sector are considered. Gaps related to the digital transformation in the industry were identified, including a critical analysis of the indicator of the “digital maturity” of the industry in the region.Examples of the expected results of the ongoing reforms are given. The possibilities of transferring socially significant services in the field of road management to an electronic form are considered. The introduction of information technologies to improve the efficiency of communication between the authorities of the road sector and citizens is analyzed. Conclusions are formulated and proposals for improving digitalization in the context of digital transformation are prepared by the political and administrative management of the national project “Safe and High-Quality Highways”, including in the Yaroslavl region.
SOCIOLOGY OF CULTURE
In article results of the theoretical and empirical analysis of monetary culture of young Muscovites are described. Empirical data are obtained as a result of an initiative sociological research of monetary culture of young Muscovites in the conditions of an economic crisis. The relevance of work is caused by contradictions of valuable orientations as in monetary culture, and a gnoseological contradiction between requirement of society for understanding of essence of monetary culture and its low-study. Work purpose: to disclose essence and content of monetary culture of young Muscovites. A priority task – to analyse degree of rationality of monetary culture, level of its positivity, existence or absence of dropouts, a realizovannost of monetary culture in monetary behavior. Received result demonstrate that monetary culture is positive rationality level average as there are dropouts and some deviations, in the form of tolerance of defaulters of taxes and also of bribery and a vzyatkodatelstvo. Authors draw a conclusion that these elements cannot but cause concern of sociologists as respondents treat law-abiding persons. In general monetary culture has mosaic and contradictory character, includes elements of monetary cultures of traditional, Soviet and market society.
The report is timed to the anniversary of the Rostov State Musical Theater. On the example of the long-term activity of a prominent representative of the cultural community, the ways of interaction between the creative intelligentsia and civil society institutions are considered. The report analyzes approaches to the formation of the social image of the state, as well as the impact of the current effective social model on political and economic stability in society. The issue of the significance of national culture as a basis for the formation of a political culture is considered separately.
The diversity of forms of work of the collective with the institutions of civil society in solving one of the main tasks of the Russian political system - ensuring the free harmonious development of the individual, providing each citizen with opportunities for creative development and self-realization is considered in detail.
The key conclusion of the report is the need to replicate the best practices of modern interaction between the cultural community and civil institutions, as the basis for organizing work to preserve guidelines for fundamental human values, the historical memory of the nation and responsibility to future generations.
SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION
This article deals with the sociological adaptation problems of foreign students in Russian universities from the point of view of the prospects for international cooperation between Russia and the educational systems of other countries. As an example, we take Chinese students, whose share in recent years has significantly increased in the structure of foreign students choosing Russia as a country of higher education. The study identified both positive achievements in the field of educational cooperation between Russia and China, and those that negatively affect the attitude of Chinese students towards higher education in Russia. The main reason is related to the adaptation difficulties faced by foreign students in Russia and, in particular, Chinese. Accordingly, it is concluded that it is necessary to overcome barriers, both linguistic and mental, in the process of adaptation of foreign students in the Russian higher education system.
The article examines the transformational processes that are characteristic of both the entire Russian society and the institute of education, the results of which, forming the field of professional activity of teachers, become factors in the formation or deformation of their professional identity. The nature of the impact that these transformational processes have on the professional identity of teachers from different socio-professional groups (young teachers/experienced teachers) depends on the degree of consistency/mismatch between the internal generational characteristics of young and experienced teachers and the external institutional conditions that arise in the field of professional activity as a result of transformational processes. It is concluded that digital transformation is, on the one hand, a factor in the formation of the professional identity of young teachers, but at the same time, on the other hand, it is a factor in the deformation of the professional identity of experienced teachers. Socio-labor transformation is a factor of deformation for representatives of both socio-professional groups.
SOCIOLOGY OF YOUTH
The article raises and analyzes the actual problems associated with the change in the value of health in the youth environment under the influence of the digital age, which sets its own special pace, rhythm and semantic coordinates of modernity and life. A review of the prevailing points of view and the results of sociological research in the context of the crisis socio-demographic reality of Russian society and the deteriorating health indicators of the younger generation made it possible to conclude that health as a value in the youth environment, subject to the trends of the digital era, is significantly changing its emphasis. As a result of this value transformation, a holistic view of health is being lost, which, while remaining a significant value for young people and Russian society as a whole, is losing its terminal positions. There is a deep gap between the value of health and the attitude towards it from the point of view of real behavioral practices of young people in the field of health. It can be assumed that such a tendency will contribute to the further reproduction of a culture of ill health among young people, which clearly determines the need for a deep sociological development at the theoretical and empirical level of this issue.
ASPECTS
The article analyzes the content of the Journals of the Council of the Imperial Moscow Engineering School and the annual reviews of the Imperial Moscow Technical School. The authors compare the scholarship policy of technical schools, give examples of specific students studying at state expense. Special attention is paid to the arrangement of teachers to work in schools, a brief overview of the reasons for their dismissals is given. Each school tried to keep outstanding scientists in its ranks, but, judging by the Journals of the Soviets, it was not always possible to do this. Important for the authors of the article is information about the admission of students to technical schools, the workload of first-year students. The internal documentation of both schools shows a significant percentage of students who do not cope with the development of higher technical education programs.
The article deals with the problems of understanding and analyzing the phenomenon of the territorial organization of states. Various points of view and approaches to the formation of the territorial space of states are presented. At the same time, the article provides a comparative analysis of the positions of representatives of economic, legal, and political science towards understanding the territory as one of the main features of the state.
Along with this, the author proposes a typology of delimiting public power from the point of view of the territory into administrative-territorial, municipal-territorial, and political-territorial space.
Also, the author tried to present the intra-regional space as a special kind of the territorial space of the state from one endowed with specific features and characteristics.
REVIEWS
K. Mannheim (1893-1947), a prominent German sociologist in the field of sociology of knowledge, sociology of culture …In the work «Diagnosis of Our Time» Mannheim conducts a sociological analysis of the spiritual crisis that gripped the countries of Western Europe 80 years ago, reveals the reasons and its essence, substantiates the possibility of choosing a post-capitalist path of human development, creating a society based on the conscious use of social technologies.