Based on the analysis of the texts of the speeches of the President of the Russian Federation at the meetings of relevant state and public collegial bodies, including the State Council of Russia, the Presidential Council for Science and Education, as well as the congresses of the Russian Union of Rectors, the article clarifies and concretizes the priority directions of educational policy in the field of sectoral education. It is pointed out that special attention is paid by the head of state to improving the educational policy both in general and in terms of training highly qualified engineering personnel for the Russian economy.

The article analyzes the main normative legal acts of the Russian Federation in the information sphere, their role and significance in the formation and implementation of the state information policy by the relevant authorities. It is noted that there are both relevant documents and acts, although not directly related to the information sphere, but affecting it in a number of important aspects. It is concluded that, despite the existence of a rather extensive legal framework for information policy, it is necessary to constantly improve the regulatory framework of this area of state activity, taking into account its dynamism and multidimensional nature.

The article provides a detailed analysis of the situation in modern Russian society. Based on the theoretical review carried out, a conclusion on the crisis state of Russian society and the need to find and activate protective social mechanisms is formed. The work is based on the idea of the influence of characteristics of public consciousness on the nature of structural processes taking place in society. The significance of such aspects of social worldview as value orientations, ways of perception of social reality, nature of social self-identification, motives of individual activity are analyzed. In the framework of the analysis of the main cultural factors of the formation of the social outlook, the influence of literature on the character of the outlook of members of society is reflected. The influence of the institution of literary prizes on the development of literary creativity and its promotion is considered. The role of literary prizes as an instrument of influence on the field of cultural creativity is justified. There is an indirect influence of literary prizes on the social outlook of members of society. The prospects of using literary prizes to have a constructive impact on the nature of social relations are considered.

Based on the analysis of the latest theoretical and empirical research, the conclusion is made about the socio-cultural characteristics of the “middle class”, the main age group of the population of modern Russia. In the medium term, there will be a radical demographic transformation of the entire Russian society, and the task of domestic social and humanitarian knowledge is to make a timely theoretical understanding of the changes in age cohorts and find optimal social technologies that will ensure mutual understanding and cohesion of the entire society.

The article reviews one of the current problems of modern sociology – social structure of society. It shows the sources of this actualization in modern conditions. Special attention is given to the analyses of the conditions of the appearance of a new layer – the layer of temporary hired workers. The article reveals the meaning of the established definition of classes and from these positions describes the present situation in the main classes of Russian society and the layer of the present intelligetzia. In conclusion most important directions of the social structure of the Russian society research are presented.

The article analyzes the migration processes in the United States, examines the indicators of USA migration policy. The article analyzes the impact of migration on social processes in the United States, interprets the assessments of public opinion in relation to migration processes. The article analyzes the political assessments of USA migration, gives a forecast of the impact of migration on demographic processes. Using the example of analysis and interpretation sociological data from international research, the article states on the social aspects of society’s perception migration, the formation of a certain spectrum public opinion about immigration.

The collection of indicators that characterize the current state and dynamics of the functioning of cultural institutions over the past two years 2018-2020 and a quantitative analysis of the functioning of the Russian cultural industry in modern conditions have shown that the bulk of revenues to the cultural sphere from all sources of funding in 2016-19 consist of overwhelming funding for theaters, museums, and libraries. The regional aspect of theater activity in 2019 reveals the dominance of the Central Federal district in terms of the number of theaters. This indicator is followed by the Volga Federal district. and the Siberian Federal district, which also reveals the existing potential. As can be seen from the presented statistics, there is no correlation between the number of theaters and the attendance of virtual concert halls of theaters in more than one subject of the Russian Federation. In terms of the number of events in virtual concert halls, the correlation is observed only for the Central Federal district. A direct correlation is revealed for the Central Federal district by the amount of funding and the number of events in virtual concert halls, and by the number of tours outside of their region of the Russian Federation and abroad. Quantitative analysis of theater activities has shown the potential of virtual information activities and the existing need for digitalization of the cultural industry in specific regions of the Russian Federation. In some subjects of the Russian Federation, a correlation was found for specific indicators of the cultural industry, but in certain subjects this correlation was not found.

The article presents the most significant points of view on the problems of territorial identification. It also touches upon the issues of criteria for the boundaries of territorial entities. A comparative analysis of scientific positions on the nature of borders as a socio-political phenomenon is carried out.

The key and actual theoretical and methodological points of view of foreign researchers on the essence of the border space are indicated. Along with this, the article provides a typologization of borders, and also indicates its characteristic features and signs. According to the author, the border has an exceptional dialectical essence.

The author investigated a long-term dispute between traditional and modern approaches in understanding the territorial limits of state borders. And the conclusion was made about the possibility of methodological combination of these approaches. The author’s concept of the border is proposed.

At the same time, the article contains the points of such specialists as G. Simmel, A. Wendt, P. Schmidt-Egner and others.

The article presents the key and actual theoretical points of view of foreign scientists on the nature of the territory as a way of organizing space. It also touches upon the issues of criteria of regionality and territoriality, symmetry and asymmetry in the practice of the territorial structure of states. According to the author, it is the theoretical and practical needs that have caused the need to understand the problem of identifying territory and regions in political science.

This article presents the main points of view of European scientists engaged in research in the field of limits and features of the territorial space of modern states.

The author has made a comparative analysis of two key directions that dominate in modern Western regional studies: narrative and spatialgeographical. On the basis of a critical understanding of these areas, the author formulated his own concept of understanding the territorial structure of the state.

At the same time, the article provides points of such specialists as M. Lev, B. Strat, K. Eder and others, which are of interest for modern political studies.

The article considers the modern view of the World War II events, the role of the Soviet Union in the victory over Nazi Germany. Nowadays the main problem is to preserve historical memory for today and future generations. It is unacceptable to rewrite history, distort documentary facts, and condone the revival of Nazism. The teacher’s task is to explain the significance of the Great victory in the modern world; to study reliable historical facts, to invite veterans to share their memories of the military hard times with young people.

The work presents the chronology of volunteering, the criteria for dividing into stages, traced the features of the formation of the domestic mentality in the development of voluntary labor in Russia. Throughout history, the state has played a key role in the formation and development of Russian society, and, accordingly, the volunteer movement. Western models of volunteering, which are guided by modern Russian volunteer organizations, imply an active and strong civil society. Such a society began to form in Russia at the end of the 19th century. Modern Russian volunteering is at the stage of formation and search for further development.

In modern society, relations are subject to a new philosophical meaning, which requires a new methodology and theoretical justification of the categories used. In modern Russian society, problems are associated with unusual relations be twin a person, society and the state, created on the basis of a special historical path of development of a multi-confessional society and a multinational Society. The author proposes a new model of reforming public relations from the standpoint of social philosophy. The analysis of interaction of the person, society and the state of the basis of scientific methodology is carried out. When studying the problems that arise be twin society and the state, the emphasis is on the application of theory, methodology and practice. The place and Roll of social philosophy in the resolution of conflicts, the justification of emerging new social phenomena became known through the developed philosophical categories.

The study of the risks of the financial and economic sphere of consumer lending is covered in many sciences, such as philosophy, sociology, economic theory, psychology, and others. But the study of social risks is the subject of the study of sociology. The article analyzes the main scientific approaches to the study of social risks of consumer lending. The research of foreign and domestic sociologists is analyzed. The definition of social risks in the framework of sociological and economic research is proposed. The differences between the social and political risks of consumer lending are presented.