The article outlines some features of the implementation of the Rights and Freedoms of Nations (peoples) in the unified social society of the peoples of Russia, formulates the author's approach to certain issues of the perfection of legislation and law enforcement practice, and draws conclusions on improving the effectiveness of their implementation in Russia. The materials of the article can be used in the improvement of legislation and in the practical activities of state authorities.

The article presents the results of a study on the problems of perception of the spiritual and moral foundations of the Russian state as a determining factor in the development and cohesion of the people based on traditional values. The importance of Russia's traditional universal values for its development as a state and society, especially in modern conditions, is emphasized.

This article is devoted to comparing the features of federal relations in the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The author analyzes the conceptual and practical models of federalism in two large countries with different histories, territorial organization and level of centralization of power. The article examines the structural characteristics of the Russian and American federations, including their regulatory and practical structure. Russia is characterized by a formally symmetrical structure according to the Constitution, but in fact it functions as an asymmetric one, which is manifested in differences in the statuses of subjects, levels of development, population density and other factors. At the same time, Russia is a centralized state with broad powers of the federal center, which exercises control and interference in areas of joint jurisdiction. In contrast, the United States is a decentralized, asymmetric federation, where subjects have broad powers regulating internal issues such as taxation, education, and healthcare, and the Federal District of Columbia occupies a special place. The authors emphasize the contrast between the principles of centralization and the level of guaranteed powers in both countries. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the types of federalism and their practical manifestations. The study concludes that there are significant differences in the structures of Russian and American federations, due to historical, political and social factors, and emphasizes the importance of taking into account specific national characteristics in the classification and analysis of federal systems.

The article reveals the state and dynamics of the complex military-political situation in Europe, provides a detailed critical analysis of the military activities of the state in NATO, which poses a threat and challenges to the security of Russia and Belarus. Such a dangerous process, implemented by the North Atlantic Alliance, is evidenced by the deployment of modern military equipment and weapons in European countries near the borders of the Union state. The article argues and substantiates the nature of the military policy of Russia and Belarus, which is implemented in strengthening their military power, directed against the threats and challenges of NATO, and ensuring the reliable security of the Union state.

The article examines the transport industry as a factor of Russia's economic development. Legislative regulation in this area plays an important role in attracting investments, modernizing transport networks, and improving the safety and accessibility of transportation services. The contribution of parliamentary parties to the formation and implementation of transport policy is important for assessing the effectiveness of the political process and developing recommendations for its optimization.

This article analyzes the phenomenon of manipulating the historical consciousness of young people as one of the key factors contributing to the spread of extremist sentiments. The relevance of this work is determined by the growing informational and psychological influence on the younger generation in the context of global digitalization and escalating geopolitical confrontation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the mechanisms of distortion of the historical past (falsification of events, interpretative distortions, and the substitution of cultural myths for historical memory). The vulnerability of young audiences to destructive influences is also examined, due to their underdeveloped critical thinking, lack of a holistic historical experience, and a maximalist approach to assessing past and present events.

The article examines the phenomenon of anthropomorphism in the  use of artificial intelligence among students using the example of Bauman Moscow State Technical University students, since in the context of active digitalization, artificial intelligence is increasingly being integrated into students' educational and daily practices, acquiring the features of a social actor. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the actor-network theory of Bruno Latour, as well as modern concepts of technology anthropomorphism. The empirical base consisted of data from an online survey of 434 student AI users. The results suggest that the anthropomorphization of artificial intelligence in the student environment is situational and practice-oriented.

Outdoor advertising in cities has become an integral part of their architectural appearance, exerting an ethical, aesthetic, and emotional-psychological influence on the urban population. Based on theoretical analysis and empirical observation, the authors demonstrate that outdoor advertising acts as an active component capable of both emphasizing the uniqueness of the historical environment and diminishing its value. The contrast between outdoor advertising structures and the facades of historic buildings creates a visual conflict with architectural monuments. The aim of this article is to analyze the negative impact of modern outdoor advertising on the visual appearance of cities, as well as the ethical and aesthetic issues associated with its placement. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for a rational urban development policy and proposing key steps to transform the visual appearance of the urban landscape.

The article examines transport conflicts as situations of collisions of passengers in public urban transport, in the cabins of civil aviation aircraft, in commuter train cars, manifested as verbal insults, drunken brawls, physical assault. The article analyzes conflicts in the subway, their causes, consequences, and forms of manifestation in the form of administrative offenses, such as passengers' failure to comply with the legal requirements of the staff on duty, as well as obstruction of their official duties. As a mechanism for managing administrative conflicts in the subway, the article considers the development of measures for their prevention and prevention, the implementation of which is carried out by special units. The role of social advertising in conflict prevention in the subway is noted.

The present article examines the features of the formation of informal  practices in the institute of the investigation of the police department. The theoretical framework of the study is the micro-sociological approach to the understanding of social actions of individuals, presented by works in the field of ethnomethodology, semiotics, symbolic interactionism. As an auxiliary theoretical concept, the systemic theory of Niklas Luhmann and his concept of trivial and non-trivial machines act. The main thesis put forward by the authors is that investigators of the Internal Affairs Department, who are supposed to be guided solely by regulatory legal acts in their daily professional activities, cannot help but be influenced by the social norms and conditions of the social situation in which their activities unfold. This is particularly evident in the research conducted by representatives of various micro-sociological schools. In conclusion, the authors argue that 1) informal practices are a part of social reality, and 2) such actions do not necessarily constitute examples of delinquent behavior.

This review is devoted to the analysis and understanding of the scientific and journalistic book "Werewolves in power. They killed the Soviet country" (Moscow: Rodina, 2025. — 444 p.), written by corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences J.T. Toshchenko and political commentator of the newspaper "Pravda" V.S. Kozhemyako. In the new book, the authors provide a deep and comprehensive analysis of the events that took place during the existence of the USSR. Through the personalities of certain high — ranking officials — M.S. Gorbachev, B.N. Yeltsin, E.A. Shevardnadze, L.M. Kravchuk, E.T. Gaidar, G.E. Burbulis, and others. The book obviously claims to be not just a historical study, but also a kind of "trial" of those who, according to the authors, "killed the Soviet country." The use of such a strong metaphor as "werewolves" speaks to the desire to evoke an emotional resonance in the reader and to awaken a sense of justice. This approach, on the one hand, makes the material more accessible and exciting, on the other hand, it can carry elements of subjectivity and one — sidedness. In general, the book "Werewolves in power. They killed the Soviet country" is presented as a work designed to comprehend the tragic pages of Soviet history through the prism of personalities and their actions. The book is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the history of the USSR, and offers its own rather harsh interpretation of the events that have become a real national tragedy for many generations of Russians.