The article based on the analysis of the speeches of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as key positions of national sectoral strategic planning documents and relevant regulatory legal acts examines the role of river transport in the development of modern Russia and its regions, as well as its place in the system of priorities of state policy.

The article notes that value orientations formed on the basis of values are a key element of the socio-cultural system and perform a number of important functions in the process of social maturation of young people. However, in a risk society, a number of important indicators are changing, as a result of which the functional repertoire of value orientations is being transformed in relation to the socialization of young people. At the same time, the adoption of socio-managerial decisions is hampered by insufficient scientific knowledge of the problem area, especially at the empirical level of knowledge.

The article discusses theoretical and methodological approaches to studying the impact of the Pushkin Map project on the cultural activity of young people.

The authors analyzed the research of managerial and economic aspects of the implementation of this project, formulated the specifics of the proposed socio-cultural approach to the study of the development of cultural activity of young people; defined the concept of "cultural activity", described its empirical indicators, influences.

With the start of the Special Military Operation in Donbas, the problem of civic-patriotic attitudes among university youth became topical, and external and oppositional competition for the “brains of the new Russian generation” intensified. Everyone is interested in the issues of loyal or disloyal, active or passive attitude of young people studying at a university to the ongoing SVO events. The purpose of the article is to find out the civil-patriotic intentions and moods of undergraduates at an oil university. The civic-patriotic behavior of a young person is, in our opinion, a socially active activity aimed at progressive development and protecting the Fatherland from security threats. Regional university youth, according to the survey results, have appropriate patriotic guidelines and adequately respond to military risks.

The article deals with the problem of formation of law enforcement competence among students of departmental educational institutions; the concept of "law enforcement competence" is revealed; the conditions for effective solution of the problem under study in the process of professional development of students are determined. The importance of integrating the activities of law enforcement agencies, public organizations and educational organizations in the legal education of citizens is substantiated. The conclusion is made about the need to pay special attention to the formation of students' ability and willingness to interact with representatives of these organizations as an essential component of law enforcement competence.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of the scientific study of the problems of social inequality and social stratification in world and Russian sociology. The authors emphasize that the modern world is undergoing local and global transformations. The main types of social inequality today are economic inequality and poverty as its manifestation, information and gender inequality, inequality in the labor market, and classical Marxism finds a new sound in the era of consumer society, increasing poverty and obvious class differentiation.

In the context of solving the problem of consolidating Russian society, attention should be paid to the search for social discourses that could serve as a basis for overcoming social stratification and social inequality. The results of the author's sociological research allow us to conclude that Russian culture is an important indicator of social solidarity and the integrity of Russian society.

In the article, based on the analysis of the works of Western scientists, the authors offer their vision of the distinctive features of Western European power from the standpoint of civilizational and cultural foundations. The authors believe that considering the phenomenon of power on the basis of this approach makes it possible to identify the characteristic features of the Western European cultural and historical code (Protestantism) in its difference from the Russian one. The authors focus on the contradictory nature of Protestant culture – the ideas of freedom, autonomy and human rights are bizarrely combined with the need to submit to higher forces, totalitarianism. This cultural and historical code influenced the origins of the formation of the Western European model of government and its ideology.

The development of transport processes in the context of digitalization of society is an urgent topic, which is associated with a number of changes and opportunities. Digitalization, which is currently affecting almost all spheres of society, is making its own adjustments to the development of transport education. The article examines the digital transformation of transport education from the perspective of state youth policy and emphasizes its role in improving the education and training system for the transport industry. Using the example of the Russian University of Transport, the digitalization of transport education is demonstrated, taking into account all the latest trends and technologies in this field.

The transport system inevitably enters the problematic field of modern sociology. There is a need for an integrated approach to consider the whole variety of forms and methods of the influence of transport on passengers, transport workers, on all social processes in society. Scientific analysis of the sociology of transport allows us to show and develop its applied, empirical aspects. In this regard, the article is devoted to an introduction to the sociology of transport and its methodological foundations.

The subject of sociology of transport considers transport as one of the basic elements of society, closely related to its structure and social processes. The sociology of transport studies the attitude of various social groups to the use of public transport. The problems of research in the sociology of transport are connected with the study of society, social phenomena and human activities in the field of transport related to this sphere of public relations.