In the process of implementing the goals and principles in our country, its main directions have been formed. Within the framework of economic science, such areas of railway policy as tariff, investment, financial and credit, antimonopoly, etc. are actively studied; within the framework of legal science, legal policy on railway transport. The article analyzes in detail the aspects of the management of industrial scientific and technical potential. This direction seems to the author insufficiently studied in the framework of the implementation of the state railway policy.

The article presents the key approaches and points of view of scien tists of the XX-XXI centuries on the nature and essential features of au tonomies. Based on the comparative analysis, the author has carried out the typologization of the researchers ‘ points of view into four main groups. The issues of criteria for assigning territorial units to autonomous entities are also touched upon. A comparative analysis of the scientific positions of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of political research on the pecu liarities of the emergence and trajectory of the evolution of autonomies in the territorial-political system of states is carried out. The key and actual features of modern autonomous entities as part of both unitary and federal states are identified.

The article provides an overview of advanced initiatives for the development and implementation of national youth policies in European (and some other) countries. National models of youth policy are typologized according to a number of criteria (conceptualization of the policy management system in pro-gram documents, the specifics of delegating authority to lower power struc-tures, intersectoral coordination of politics). The characteristics of the legal field, institutional foundations, horizontal and vertical practices for the coordi-nation of youth policy in different states are given. The author emphasizes the importance of assessing the regulatory impact of legislative initiatives on target groups, participatory budgeting as instruments of national youth policy.

Based on the analysis of the profile speeches of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as sectoral documents of strategic planning and regulatory legal acts, the article considers the priorities of state policy in the field of road transport. The role of this type of public transport in the development of modern Russian society and the state is determined, the perspective directions of its evolution and the corresponding tasks in the field of state policy are specified.

The article examines the ideas of modern youth regarding the institution of the family. The issue of revaluation of the values of modern youth about the institution of the family is relevant, since there is a demographic crisis in modern society, which significantly affects the socio-economic situation in the country.

The study of youth political potential and protest potential as its main component seems to be a topical task due to search for foundations and prospects of successful development of Russian society. The study of youth potential in political sphere can be carried out by analyzing its components. Basis of youth protest potential is formed by values and attitudes that form readiness to support political initiatives, participate in various forms of protest, as well as involvement in protest movements. In modern conditions, a promising direction is study of features of socio-cultural components of youth protest potential in order to identify its content and orientation. The article examines features of protest potential of modern youth based on analysis of the results of all-Russian and author›s qualitative and quantitative sociological surveys among young people, carried out within the framework of RFBR and EISI grant in 2021.

The article attempts to consider modern domestic audiovisual content through the prism of socio-cultural analysis as a factor of influence on spir itual and moral values. The nature, methods and results of the impact of content on the audience and the formation of its values are shown. Some of this content has a blurring and chaotic effect on the value and regulatory systems of modern Russian society. This approach requires new research and allows us to assess the direction of changes in the socio-cultural field. The conclusions from the article can be used to improve the effectiveness of state policy in the field of culture and mass communications. Keywords: spiritual and moral values, television series, TV audience, content, Internet platforms, content analysis.

The article analyzes the world experience of the adaptation process of the immigration population. The socio-cultural aspects and factors of adap tation and integration of immigrants are revealed and studied. The socio logical and practical significance of the problem of adaptation at the social level is indicated. The factors and conditions of socio-cultural integration of migrants in specific modern societies are analyzed.

The article analyzes the problem of humanitarian education in the con text of a technocratic approach in modern Russian education. The article reveals the concepts of “humanization of education” and “humanitarianiza tion of education”, as well as various concepts of technocratism. Particular importance is attached to the reform of the teaching of the humanities and the role of the teacher in the upbringing of the younger generation.

The material of the article is based the results of the research «Youth of universities in the transport industry», conducted by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federationin 2019. The author’s analysis focuses on the problems of a young family, family strategies, the place of the social phenomenon «Love» in the sphere of marriage and family relations of young people working and studying in transport universities.

The article presents an analysis of the original concept of «Islands of Russia» by V. L. Tsymbursky, sustained in line with civilizational geopolitics. According to it, Russia is a separate civilization, formed on the basis of an ethnocultural basis, interacting with other civilizations, often through intermediate territories - the limitrophes. At the same time, strategically Russia should not strive for the West or the East, but focus on its own problems (neo-isolationism). The “island” concept in many ways turned out to be the soil on which many representatives of opposite directions of domestic geopolitics and Russian civilizational choice converged.

This article analyzes the state transport policy of the Russian Federation as one of the most important factors that make up the national security of the country.