Basic concepts and models of state sectoral policy

The article presents a political science analysis of state sectoral policy (GOP) as an institutionalized mechanism for translating political will into managerial actions. The GOP is viewed not as a set of administrative measures, but as a special form of public authority within which interests collide, resources are allocated, and a long-term trajectory for the development of the industry is formed. The author identifies the key stages of the GOP cycle — from the formation of the agenda to the evaluation of results — and the "nodes of translation" of political decisions into administrative practice: strategic planning, budgeting, organizational architecture and control system. Particular attention is paid to the typical causes of gaps between policy design and implementation. Based on the proposed theoretical framework, it is proved that large infrastructure projects (for example, transport) are political and managerial complexes that require analysis through the prism of institutions, procedures and competition of interests.

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